小栗上野介と日本海海戦 (HP東善寺)              東郷元帥の謝辞
Kozukenosuke Oguri and the Battle of the Sea of Japan (HP Tozenji Temple) Acknowledgments of General Togo

小栗上野介と日本海海戦
東郷元帥の謝辞

Kozukenosuke Oguri and the Battle of the Sea of Japan
Acknowledgments of General Togo




東郷平八郎(東善寺蔵)
 
Heihachiro Togo (Owned by Tozenji) 

明治45年夏、東郷平八郎は小栗上野介の遺族を自宅に招き「日本海海戦で完全な勝利を得ることができたのは、小栗上野介さんが横須賀造船所を作っておいてくれたおかげです」と礼を述べた。

        東郷元帥の謝辞

◇東郷平八郎の自宅へ招かれたとき、会津で生まれ東京で成人した遺児クニは自宅に残り、婿として迎えた小栗貞雄と息子又一(12歳)が出かけた。日露戦争が終結して7年目であった。
 東郷平八郎は、小栗父子に上座に座るよう勧めたという。それを固辞して座に着くと、東郷は日露戦争の勝因が第一に明治天皇の威光が絶大であったことを述べたあと、「軍事上の勝因の第一として、小栗さんが横須賀造船所を造っておいてくれたことが、どれほど役立ったか知れません、」と、実に気持ちよく率直に礼を述べた。


In the summer of 1912 (Meiji 45), Heihachiro Togo invited the bereaved family of Kozukenosuke Oguri to his home and thanked them, saying, "It was thanks to Mr. Kozukenosuke Oguri's building of the Yokosuka Shipyard that we were able to achieve complete victory in the Battle of the Sea of Japan.

    
General Togo's Acknowledgments

When they were invited to Heihachiro Togo's home, Kuni, Oguri's daughter, who was born in Aizu and grew up in Tokyo, stayed at home, while Sadao Oguri, her husbund, and their son Mataichi (12 years old) went out. It was seven years after the end of the Russo-Japanese War.

It is said that Heihachiro Togo advised Oguri and his son to sit in the upper seats, but they declined and took the lower seats. Then, Togo stated that the primary reason for the victory of the Russo-Japanese War was the immense prestige of Emperor Meiji and said, "I can't tell you how much Mr. Oguri's construction of the Yokosuka Shipyard helped us as a primary factor in our military victory," thanking them very nicely and frankly.


小栗貞雄 明治の作家矢野龍渓の弟
Sadao Oguri, younger brother of Meiji-era writer Ryukei Yano

                       
              
東郷は書を贈る

◇ご馳走してもてなしたあと東郷は、その日の記念として自分の書を贈りたいと申し出た。貞雄は、「自分は婿として小栗家に入ったので、小栗上野介の血はつながっていません。せがれ又一は小栗上野介の血を引いた孫です。せっかく揮毫(きごう)してくださるならその書の為書(ためがき…○○の為に書いたという宛名)は自分の名にしないでせがれ又一の名前にしていただきたい」と、その名前の由来も説明した。
 戦のたびにいつも「一番槍は小栗殿!」という報告が来ることから「また一番か」ということで四代忠政が家康公からもらった名が「又一」で、小栗家は代々その名をほまれとして上野介も又一を名乗っていたことを聞いて、東郷は顔をほころばせ、「それはいい名前をもらったね」と快く承知し、しばらくして小栗家に届けられた書には「仁義禮智信  為小栗又一君」と書かれていた。


Togo presents his calligraphy


After treating them to a delicious meal, Togo offered to give them his calligraphy as a memento of the day. Sadao replied, "I joined the Oguri family as a son-in-law of Kozukenosuke, so I am not related to Kozukenosuke Oguri. My son, Mataichi, is the granddaughter of Kozukenosuke Oguri. If you are going to go to the trouble of writing a calligraphy, I would like it to be dedicated to my son instead of myself. He also explained the origin of his son's name.

Whenever there were battles in early 1600s, Tadamasa Oguri IV (小栗忠政 an ancestor of Kozukenosuke Tadamasa Oguri) was always reported to be "the first spearman!" So Tadamasa IV was given the name "Mataichi" (meaning "the first again") by Lord Ieyasu Tokugawa. When Togo heard that the Oguri family had been honored with that name for generations and that Kozukenosuke had also taken the name "Mataichi," his face beamed and he readily agreed, saying, "That is a good name for you." A short time later, the Oguri family received a calligraphy from Togo with the inscription, "For Mataichi Oguri:
Jin, Gi, Rei, Chi, Shin (benevolence, justice, gratitude, cleverness, faith)."



 

                       
        
書額を東善寺へ

◇平成9年4月、東善寺ではだれでも参加できる「祭りスタイルの小栗まつり」を始めたいと考え、小栗上野介130回忌の小栗まつり(平成9年・現在のスタイルの小栗まつり第1回め)を小栗家子孫に案内したところ、子孫忠人氏から電話で「都合で行けないが、東郷の書を寺に寄付するから皆さんに見てもらってほしい」と東善寺へ寄進された。そのあと続けて「これを見てもらえば、ひいお祖父さんの名誉回復になるだろうから」という言葉があった。
 明治維新政府に罪なくして殺され、小栗上野介の名誉はまだ回復されていないままである、と子孫がうけとめている言葉である。


The Calligraphy Donated to Tozenji Temple


We always wanted to start a "more friendly Oguri Festival" that anyone could participate in and, in April 1997, decided to have a festival of that style for the first time that year. We invited the descendants of the Oguri family to the festival commemorating the 130th anniversary of Kozukenosuke Oguri's death. Unfortunately, though, Tadato Oguri, a descendant of Kozukenosuke replied to us by phone and said, "We can't attend it, but I would like to donate the calligraphy written by Heihachiro Togo to the temple so that everyone can see it. If people look at this, it will help restore the honor of my great-grandfather."

This is a phrase implying that Oguri's descendants lament that the honor of Kozukenosuke Oguri, who was innocently killed by the Meiji Restoration government, has yet to be restored.



東郷元帥の書額 
右から「仁義禮智信 壬子夏為小栗又一君 東郷書」    東善寺蔵

General Togo's calligraphy

From right to left: "
Jin, Gi, Rei, Chi, Shin (benevolence, justice, gratitude, cleverness, faith), 1912 summer, for Mataichi Oguri, Togo's calligraphy", owned by Tozenji Temple.

  
東郷元帥の子孫が参拝

◇平成16年8月、東郷の曾孫保坂宗子さんはご主人の義雄さんと子息二人の家族で参拝された。たまたま見ていたNHKテレビ
「そのとき歴史が動いた―小栗上野介―」で曽祖父の書が紹介されたのに驚いて、ぜひ参拝したかった、とのことであった。
 宗子さん夫妻は、3月にロシアで行われたポーツマス講和100周年記念サンクトペテルブルク国際会議に出席し、講演「曽祖父の生き方と私」でこの書額に触れ、明治政府軍が殺したままの小栗上野介の業績を曽祖父は率直に認め、その子孫を招いて礼を述べた「(曾祖父は)至誠の人であると思う」と語られたという。








       

  
      書額と曾孫家族
東郷元帥の曾孫宗子さん夫妻・家族が書額の前で記念撮影・2004・平成16年8月


余談になるが…
おいでになった曾孫宗子さんの眼が東郷平八郎に
そっくりだったので、こんなにも似るものかとびっくりした。
Descendants of General Togo visit the Tozenji temple

In August 2004, Mrs. Muneko Hosaka, the great-granddaughter of General Togo, visited the temple with her husband, Yoshio, and their two sons. She said that she was surprised to see her great-grandfather's calligraphy introduced on NHK TV's "Sonotoki Rekishi-ga Ugoita - Oguri Kozukenosuke" and wanted to visit the temple.

Mrs. Muneko and her husband attended an international conference in St. Petersburg, Russia in March 2004 to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the Portsmouth Peace Treaty and she gave a lecture, "My Great-grandfather's Way of Life and I." In the lecture, she mentioned this calligraphy and said that her great-grandfather frankly acknowledged the achievements of Kozukenosuke Oguri, who was killed by the Meiji government forces, and invited the descendants of Oguri to his house to thank them. Mrs. Muneko also said that her great-grandfather was such a person of sincerity.


                     
Calligraphy plaque and great-granddaughter's family
Mrs. Muneko Hosaka, great-granddaughter of General Togo, her husband and their two sons in front of the plaque.
                     August 2004 (Heisei 16)


As an aside, the eyes of Mrs. Muneko resembled Heihachiro Togo's so much that I was quite surprised.
                   

 

    
東郷の謝礼の意味二つ

1、水雷艇・駆逐艦は横須賀製  日本海海戦で戦った三笠をはじめとする大きな戦艦はほとんどがイギリス、ドイツ、アメリカ製であった。昼間の戦艦どうしの砲撃で傷つき逃げるロシア艦を追って、夕方になって出撃を命じられた駆逐艦・水雷艇が、猛スピードで間近に接近し、水雷を放って確実に沈め、完全な勝利をもたらした。それらの中小の水雷艇・駆逐艦のほとんどが横須賀と呉で造られていた。
2、修船場でオーバーホール  造船とともに発達した艦船の修理技術が、バルチック艦隊を迎える前の連合艦隊艦船の完璧なオーバーホールを可能にし、最大限の艦船能力を引き出せたこと。幕末〜明治にツルハシとモッコで掘りあげたドライドックの存在がとくに大きかった。
 
 以上二つが日本海海戦においてどれほど役立ったことか、という東郷の感謝につながった。 もし、日本海海戦に敗れていれば日本海は自由に往来できないロシアの海となり、ロシアに首根っこを押さえられた日本の国運はかなり違った方向に展開していたことであろう。小栗が「いずれ土蔵つき売家になる」と笑ったその土蔵が国を救ったといえる。

  
   5月27日の因縁話

 小栗上野介が外国奉行のとき起きた「対馬事件」(1861文久元年2月)で、対馬に租借地を設けて基地をつくろうとしたロシア軍艦ポサドニックをすぐに退去させることが出来ず、煮え湯を飲まされる思いを味わっている。
 その44年後に横須賀造船所が役立ってロシア艦隊を破ることができたのが対馬沖での日本海海戦(1905明治38年5月27・28日)。そして、小栗上野介が西軍に殺害されたのも、くしくも5月27日(慶応4年閏4月6日)だった。
 それで倉渕町では毎年小栗まつり5月27日、あるいはその直前の日曜日に行っている。


Two meanings of Togo's gratuity


1. Minesweepers & Destroyers: Most of the large battleships that fought in the Battle of the Sea of Japan, including the Mikasa, were made in England, Germany, and the United States. Destroyers and minesweepers, which were ordered to sortie in the evening, chased the Russian ships that were damaged by the daytime bombardment between battleships and fled, and approached them closely at high speed, fired mines and sank them without fail, resulting in a complete victory. Most of those small and medium-sized minesweepers and destroyers were built in Yokosuka and Kure.

2. Ship Repair Yard: The ship repair technology that developed along with shipbuilding enabled a complete overhaul of the combined fleet ships before the Baltic Fleet arrived, bringing out the maximum of the ships' capabilities. The existence of dry docks dug up with mokkos (a net of rope with ropes attached to the four corners to carry earth and stones) and pickaxes during the late Edo and Meiji periods was particularly significant.
 
These two factors led to Togo's appreciation of how useful they were in the Battle of the Sea of Japan.
If Japan had been defeated in the Battle of the Sea of Japan, the sea would have become one that could not be freely traversed, and Japan's national destiny, with Russia breathing down its neck, would have developed in a very different direction. We can say that the storehouse, which Oguri laughed at, saying, "It will eventually become a house for sale with a storehouse," saved the country.



A causal story about May 27

In the "Tsushima Incident" (February 1861), which occurred when Kozukenosuke Oguri was the foreign magistrate, he was unable to immediately evacuate the Russian warship Posadnick, which was trying to establish a base on leased land in Tsushima, and badly let down.

Forty-four years later, Japan was able to defeat the Russian fleet in the Battle of the Sea of Japan off Tsushima on May 27th and 28th, 1905 thanks to the Yokosuka Shipyard. Kozukenosuke Oguri was killed by the western army on May 27th, 1868 (leap day of April 6th in Keio 4th year). That is why Kurabuchi town holds the Oguri Festival every year on May 27th, or the Sunday just before that date.



 

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Member's privilege: You can reveal your knowledge such as "Kaishu Katsu was not an envoy to the U.S.," "Kaishu Katsu returned from San Francisco," "The envoy to the U.S. did not board the Kanrin Maru," "The construction of the Yokosuka shipyard was conceived from Kozukenosuke Oguri's visit to the Washington Naval Shipyard," etc.

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 関連ページ

横須賀造船所の借款説:約定書の読み違いで濡れ衣
小栗の濡れ衣・四国・蝦夷を担保にした:幕末世情混乱の中の根無し草
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勝海舟の「海軍500年説」は:「海舟日記」の信憑性ゆらぐ

東郷元帥の謝辞:日本海海戦の勝利は小栗さんのおかげ・・・
幕末の構造改革:ネジをお土産にした小栗上野介

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"The fate of the Shogunate, the fate of Japan" by Kozukenosuke Oguri